Page 39 - Unit 731

manager, for information. Hayashi told me to ask the old woman to leave first, and he would tell. I sent the old woman home and asked Hayashi about Li.
Hayashi said, ‘Pengge Li was killed by a secret agent in Harbin, because he drew the map of Mudanjiang airport and gave it to the Soviets. That Soviet agent was arrested in Harbin and revealed
the name of Pengge Li. After his arrest, Li admitted the drawing was his and then he was killed.’ Hayashi continued, ‘tell her to find a way to go home.’ I told the old woman the truth and helped her to
collect money to go home. I posted a ‘donation’ notice at the Mudanjiang station and asked people to donate money for an old woman to go home. Later on, the money was collected and sent to the
old woman. The old woman went home with the money.
According to the narrative, Teiichi Hayashi said, ‘Pengge Li was executed by shooting in Harbin since he sent information to a Soviet secret agency.’ However, the Jilin Provincial Archives kept
another piece of information about special transfer that told a different story: on July 28, 1941, Kanto Kempeitai signed an order command sending Pengge Li and the other people as ‘Soviet spies’ to
Harbin Kempeitai. The special transfer document of Harbin Kempeitai is number 605. 5
In 1998, the ‘name list of victims of special transfer by Unit 731’ was released to media. Fengqin Li saw the news and visited the Unit 731 Museum in
2006 and saw her father’s name, Pengge Li. Fengqin Li, then sixty-five years old, learned about her father for the first time. Since Li was a posthumous
child who never met her father, I cannot imagine how much pain she suffered.
In 2011, the International Center for Unit 731 Research of the Harbin Academy of Social Sciences organised to ‘revisit former places for victims of
special transfer’. We went to Mudanjiang Railway Station to seek clues about her father. In 2012, the death of Pengge Li caused by the Japanese was
confirmed. The Jilin Provincial government issued a martyr certificate for Pengge Li, which now hangs on the wall at Fengqin Li’s home. This must be
comfort for Li’s family.

Story of Mudanjiang Information Station
In 1951, the former manager of Mudanjiang information station, Keren Zhuang, read an article in the magazine Xinguancha. The article confirmed
‘Material of the case of former Japanese Army in preparing and producing bacterial weapons’ that Zhiying Zhu, Dianxing Wu, and Chaoshan Sun were
specially transferred to Unit 731. In 1992, the first curator of Unit 731 Museum Xiao Han heard about the information and interviewed Keren Zhuang in
Beijing.
I have little material on this International Anti-Imperialism Information Organisation (国际反帝情报组织), therefore, it is hard to explain and
comment about the organisation and its content. Basically, the International Anti-Imperialism Information Organisation was led by the Soviet Union Far
East Information Organisation.
According Keren Zhuang:
This ‘international anti-imperialism information organisation’ was set up in 1932. The leader was Wang Dongzhou and vice-leader was Yang Zuoqing. This organisation was set up to collect military
information about the Japanese Army, organise anti-Japanese guerrillas and to destroy Japanese military facilities. I was responsible for Harbin and Mudanjiang information stations and mainly
transmitted information to the Soviet Union Far East Information Organisation at Khabarovsk Krai. 6
The stories of Zhiying Zhu, Dianxing Wu, and Enrui Jing are based on the interview with Xiao Han. In 1992, Xiao Han interviewed the witnesses,
including Lanzhi Jing (wife of Zhiying Zhu), Guijie Long (wife of Huizhong Zhang), Xilin Jing (son of Enrui Jing ), and Keren Zhuang (former manager
of Mudanjiang Information Station). The interviews are kept in the Unit 731 Museum Archives.
The Stories of Zhiying Zhu and Lanzhi Jing
Lanzhi Jing was born in 1922 in Wangkui, Heilongjiang, and married Zhiying Zhu in 1938. He was a woodworker employed at Mudanjiang train station,
but he was secretly working as an intelligence agent for the Soviet Union. On 16 July 1941, Zhiying Zhu was arrested by the Mudanjiang Kempeitai along
with Huizhong Zhang, Dianxing Wu, Chaoshan Sun, and Enrui Jing (uncle of Lanzhi Jing). As anti-Japanese spies, they were all ‘special transferred’ to
Unit 731 for human experimentation. None of them survived.
According to Lanzhi Jing:
On July 17, 1941, as I was making dinner, a few Japanese Kempeis came into my home and searched around. They did not find anything. The Japanese asked me, ‘What does Zhiying Zhu do? Where
is the radio?’ I said, ‘Zhiying Zhu works at the railway, and I did not see any radio.’ Later, the Japanese took me with their jeep to Mudanjiang Kempeitai compound. In the detention room, I saw
Guijie Long, wife of Huizhong Zhang, and her two children. The next morning, Kempeis took me to a small house. They removed all my clothes, and asked me ‘What does Zhiying Zhu do? What kind
of activity does he do?’ while whipping me. I said, ‘he was a woodworker at the station. Besides going to work, I did not see him do anything else.’ The Japanese continued, ‘He is in anti-Japanese
intelligence. Didn’t you know what he does?’ I said, ‘I am a housewife. I really do not know anything. After the trial, the next morning, the Japanese took me to the trial room on the second floor.
Zhiying Zhu knelt in front of me with his clothes all removed and blood all over his face, like he just been tortured. The enemies hit me and interrogated me at the same time. Zhiying Zhu said in
anger, ‘Stop hitting her. She really knew nothing about it. All the activities were done by myself. Talk to me about anything.’ 7
Lanzhi Jing was imprisoned and released after one week. It was the last time Jing saw Zhiying Zhu. No one knew what life Zhiying Zhu had had all these
years. Until 1995, with the help of Sino-Japanese grassroots organisation, Lanzhi Jing visited Tokyo, Japan, and revealed the truth about Zhiying Zhu and
Enrui Jing.
She sued the Japanese Government, but the case was rejected by the Tokyo District Court. In 2005, I visited Lanzhi Jing for the first time. She was
bedridden, and I could not hear her clearly. Later, she died with regrets (see Fig. 17).
The Stories of Huizhong Zhang and Guijie Long
Huizhong Zhang was born in April 1910 in Rongguan Village at Heihuazi, Dengta, of Liaoning Province, and learned tailoring in Shenyang in 1924. He
was a worker in an arsenal at Shenyang in 1927 and joined the Chinese Communist Party the same year. He began to collect information about the
Japanese in 1932 and became a photographer in Jinzhou the following year. In 1935, he studied at the Russian Military Academy in the Soviet Union and
later studied radio waves in a university in the Moscow countryside. He was codenamed Alex and his number was ‘41’. He graduated in 1937, returned to
Harbin, and married Guijie Long. In 1939, the Zhangs went to Mudanjiang where Zhang started work at Lushun Machinery as a fitter. There, Zhang
secretly set up the Mudanjiang Information Station for the purpose of information collection. His direct supervisor was Keren Zhuang.
Guijie Long assisted Huizhong Zhang in sending and receiving telegrams. She recalled the day her husband was arrested:

Monday of the first week, Tuesday of the second week, Wednesday of the third week and Thursday of the fourth week of each month were the days we sent and received telegrams usually from 12
a.m. to 2 a.m. Each took about 20 minutes.
At midnight July 16, 1941, Zhang was working on telegrams at home. There were a lot telegrams to send and receive. The password codes took four pages. He worked from 12 a.m. until 2 a.m. to
finish. I put the password code back, and Huizhong Zhang put away the radio in the box for horse feed and went to bed afterward. When we were about to fall asleep, there was huge noise in the
backyard. I looked through the curtain and saw a lot of Japanese soldiers near the wall. I knew something bad happened. I woke Huizhong Zhang up and wrapped him with blankets as I knew there
was not enough time to escape.
A Japanese soldier with a gun came through the north gate. He came inside the house and searched. He asked me, ‘Where is the man?’ I replied, ‘at work!’ ‘Where does he work?’ ‘At the railway.’
The soldier searched the other rooms and Huizhong Zhang jumped from the window. Later, a Japanese soldier holding the radio entered the house. He put the radio on the kang and asked me,
‘What is this?’ ‘I don’t know.’ Where is it from?’ ‘I picked it up from north of the railway,’ I said loudly.
Huizhong Zhang was caught and taken away by the soldiers who were going to take me, too. When I went to get my child with me, I found a paper marked with password code on my child’s
blanket that had dropped out of the wooden box. Luckily, the soldier did not see it. I covered it with my body and slipped it inside the diaper and carried my baby. The Japanese soldier sent me to my