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in Shandong. The Japanese enormous presence in Shandong also set the stage for the all-out invasion of Shandong by
Japanese navy and army.

Resource Extraction and Economic Expansion： Japanese Loans and Japanese-involved “ Joint
Undertakings” in Northeast China before the Outbreak of the September 18 Incident
………………………………………………………………………………… Wang Xiliang（49）
After the end of the Russo-Japanese War， the Japanese state and private capital， apart from dominating the South
Manchuria Railway Company， also monopolized such economic sectors like transportation， harbor， mining， finance， trade，
industry and agricultural product processing in Northeast China. By issuing loans and sponsoring “joint undertakings，” the
Japanese also got the rights to construct roads， mine minerals， utilize the land， cut forests and operate enterprises in
Northeast China. What's more， these economic activities by the Japanese were not confined merely to South Manchuria. By
taking advantage of the changes in the situation of East Asia in general and the Northeast Asia in particular， the Japanese
capital made its way to North Manchuria and East Inner Mongolia by issuing loans and sponsoring “joint undertakings. ”
Consequently， the Japanese capital had infiltrated deep in Northeast China before the outbreak of the September 18
Incident. Japan's economic dominance in Northeast China paved the way for its complete occupation of Northeast China after
the September 18 Incident.

Controversies Surrounding the Monopoly of Tungsten Ore Trade in Jiangxi and Guangdong
Provinces and Maneuvers by Relevant Sides from 1928 to 1931
………………………………………………………………… Xiao Zili and Xie Shenggeng（67）

The Evolution of the Regional Currency Market in Hankou in Modern Times： A Case Study on
“Hankou Taels” ……………………………………………………………………… Liu Jie（83）

General High School or Comprehensive High School？ ———Controversies over the Path of
Secondary Education Development of China in the Early Twentieth Century
…………………………………………………………… Liu Chao and Liang Chenghong（102）

On the Initiative of Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology of Building an
Engineering University in China …………………………………… Lin Wei and Niu Li（120）
The educational interactions between China and foreign countries maintained its momentum around 1920. Suggested
by Edward Hume， Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology initiated a plan to establish an engineering
university in China. A special committee was created for relevant planning and investigation work. Thomas Meloy was
tasked to collect information in China although he was not the formal agent of the committee. He and John A. L. Waddell
actively promoted the project in China. Thomas Meloy signed a draft contract of cooperation with the Southeast University of
China without authorization from the American side. Consequently， the proposed project was aborted in the end. The
special committee and President A. Lawrence Lowell insisted to raise funding in China and try to keep the proposed
university under American control， which turned out to be unreasonable and unrealistic. Both Meloy and Waddell
overstepped their mandate and their activities seriously undermined the implementation of the plan. The plan's failure shed
light on the complex relationship between cultural internationalism and imperialism and their inherent dilemmas

“Boundaries” in the Enforcement of Traditional Chinese Property Rights： A Study on the
Property Rights of Mountains， Forests， Rivers and Swamps in Traditional China from the
Perspective of Regional History ………………………………………… Du Zhengzhen（137）

Revisiting Report from Red China by Harrison Forman： A Review of Kenneth E. Shewmaker's
Review on Report from Red China ………………………………………… Zhang Faqing（150）

English abstracts translated by Jia Yajuan