Page 146 - 《近代史研究》2020第三期

The Eclectic “ Transvaluation" : the Plural Meanings of the May Fourth New Culture Illustrated
by the Slogan of “Transvaluation of all Values " ......................................... Zhou Yuefeng(70)
In 1919, Hu Shi used Nietzsche's epigram “Transraluation of all Values" to summarize “the fundamental meaning of
tOe new intellectual trend" and this epigram tOus became one of tOe iniportant slosans of the New Culture Movement. After
WWI, Chinese intellectuals no longer believed tOat Westernization and anti-trditionaVsm were absolute truth, and both the
Western culture tOey had advocated and the Chinese tradition they had criticized needed to be reraluated. In this context,
tOe debates about "foreign models" and "native culture" beteeen Xin qingnian ( New Youth) and Shishi xinbao ( China
Times') gave opportunities for Fu Sinian and Hu Shi to adjust their expression and ured tOem to use the more eclectic and
inctueieeetogane, euch ae! Taaneeeatuaeion otatVatuee" and ! aeexaminingehenaeionatheaieage" eoaeepond eoeheia
opponents' chnenges and appeal to more intellectuals inclining to new ideas in general. Thus, tOe slosan,
“Trnsevaluation of all Values" , had multiple meanings. Hu Shi used it to summarise wrious new ideas, imply his own
idea about the Chinese and Western cultures, and criticise tOe emerging "oms". Because of its inclusiveness, it could be
inteapaeted and peaceieed in diteaentwaye.Theptuaatmeaningeotthieetogan ituetaatethecomptexityottheMayFouath
New Culture Movement in histor-

Britain and the Negotiations about the Nanjing IiciCect (1927 -1928)
................................................................................................... Xiao Ruping ang Ding Shuying (87)

The Modern Iiterpretahons of “ Chastity" by Iitelkcthau； in the 1920s and 1930s
..................................................................................................................................... Yu Hualin( 103)

Chastity had become a hot topic since tOe May Fourth Movement. Those who advocated tOe new culture criticized the
traditional virtue of chastity and rdefined it. Most of those who advocated the new cultur agreed that both men and women
should be faithful to their spouses. Later, some intellectuals applied chastity to love rlationship in addition to marriaae.
They ryarded love as the only criterion to judge chastity and defined chastity as “the unification of body and soul" and
“ soul before body". These ideas became the “ common knowledge" among intellectuals then. In this process of
reinterpretation, many kinds of modern knowledge and discourses were used, and this process demonstrated the Chinese
knowledge structur and discourse system were transformed from the traditional to the modern ones.

Th e Chin e 11 and American <temrts ah and Limits of Adjusting the Managemen of Leastd
Goods: A Cass Sthdy on the Bureau of Wartime Production of China
............................................................................................................................ Huungfu Qiashi (122)

The Guemilla Warfarr of the Nationalist Navy in the Enemy Occupied Arras of the Yangth e River
Valley in the All-oui War of Resistancc against the Japaness Aggression
.................................................................................................................................Hn Huuikai( 141)

Schoou City" : The Practicc and Evaluation of a Kind of “ Schoou Autonomy" in Rep ublican
China ................................................................................................................................. Li Lin( 149)

English abstracts translated by Lio Wennan