Page 32 - 《近代史研究》2021第四期

Modern Chinese History Studies

No. 4đ2021

Intransigence and Concessions of the CPC in Its Post-War Peace Negotiation with the KMT͇ An
Examination of the CPC's Changing Tactics at the Different Stages of the Negotiation
…………………………………………………………………………………… Yu Huamin̵ 15̶
The Negotiation between the CPC and the KMT offered a rare opportunity for China to achieve peace after the end of
the Ｒesistance War against Japanese Aggression． During the negotiationđthe CPC Central Committee and its negotiation
team closely monitored changes on the ground and embraced the historical trends of peace and democracy． With the
fundamental standpoint of“never giving up the hard-won victory of the people easilyđ”the CPC employed a negotiation
strategy characterized by flexibilityđrationality and restraintđand did what it could to take the initiative during the
negotiation． Specificallyđthe CPC was rational and moderate in deciding when to make concessions or otherwise． The CPC
made“concessions”from time to time to show its sincerity for peace and did what it could to avoid an all-out civil war． The
CPC earned the sympathy and support of third-party members and the vast majority of the people． Only after the KMT did
not change its course and repeatedly crossed the red lines did the CPC start to dig in its heels． The CPC had successfully
used the negotiation for political and publicity gains until the final breakdown of the negotiation． Through the negotiationđ
the CPC also got some far-reaching gainsđnamelyđmaking the people to abandon their fantasies and winning over the
people．

Kang Youwei and Emperor Guangxu during the Ｒeform Movement of 1898
…………………………………………………………………………………… Mao Haijian̵ 34̶
It is true that Kang Youwei fabricated the“Wuxu Memorial to the Emperor”and both his autobiography and“The
Wuxu Coup”written by Liang Qichao were not completely based on fact． By examining the books written by Kang and
Liangđand the Compilation of Memorials to the Emperor by Loyal Menđhoweverđwe can still clearly see exchanges of
thoughts between Kang Youwei and Emperor Guangxuđwho adopted Kang's suggestionsđprotected Kang on five occasions
and established Maoqindianđa position that was created for Kang Youwei． Sođit is safe to say that Kang Youwei is
definitely one of the major promoters of the Ｒeform Movement of 1898．

Ｒeinterpreting the Competition for the Governorship of Liangjiang Ｒegion and the Political
Turmoil in 1907 …………………………………………………………………… Han Ce̵ 55̶
Once returning to the Forbidden City in 1901đthe Ｒoyal Government of Qing Dynasty decided to restrain the
autonomous trends of southeast provinces and strengthen the Beiyang Force to protect the capital cityđin a bid to reestablish
the authority of the Ｒoyal Government． So it empowered Yuan Shikai to take control of the Jiangnan Ｒegionđthe major area
of state revenue． By taking this opportunityđYuan Shikai attempted to expand the influences of the Beiyang Force
southward． As a resultđYuan Shikai and local political forces of the Jiangnan Ｒegion were involved in an all-out
competition for the governorship of Liangjiang Ｒegion． Destabilizing the balance between the North Faction and the South
Faction and making their relations beyond repairđthis competition was a crucial factor that galvanized the high-level
political jockeying in the Political Turmoil of 1907． An important reason behind the animosity between Qu Hongji and Yuan
Shikai lied in the failure of Qu Hongji to defend the position of the Hunan Faction in the face of the intrusion of Beiyang
Force under the leadership of Yuan Shikai． Qu was politically isolated as a result． Cen Chunxuan initiated political reform
to counter Yi Kuang and Yuan Shikaiđbut he also attempted to improve his chance of winning the governorship of
Liangjiang Ｒegion by doing so． At the timeđCen's efforts for winning the governorship were frustrated and he was at odds
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